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What is Single Cylinder Cone Crusher?

Jul 31, 2025

In the fields of mining and construction materials, crushing equipment plays a crucial role. They crush raw ores or large materials into required particle sizes, laying the foundation for subsequent processing and utilization. As an efficient crushing equipment, cone crushers are widely used in many crushing scenarios, and the single cylinder cone crusher is an advanced representative among them. This article will comprehensively explain the single cylinder cone crusher, including its definition, structural composition, working principle, core functions, technical advantages and application scenarios.

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Definition of Single Cylinder Cone Crusher

A single cylinder cone crusher is an efficient crushing equipment with the bottom hydraulic cylinder as the core control and adjustment component. It plays an important role in mineral processing and construction fields and is one of the more advanced cone crusher models in current mining machinery.

Structural Composition of Single Cylinder Cone Crusher

Main Components of the Crushing System

The crushing system of the single cylinder cone crusher is composed of key components such as inner cone liner, outer cone liner, bottom oil cylinder and transmission gears (large and small). The inner cone liner and outer cone liner are the parts that directly contact with materials and crush them, and their materials and shapes will affect the crushing effect and the service life of the equipment. The bottom oil cylinder is the core of the control and adjustment of the entire equipment, undertaking important functions such as adjusting the size of the discharge port, compensating for liner wear and iron passing protection. The transmission gears (large and small) are responsible for transmitting the power of the motor to the crushing components to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

Shell Structure

The shell of the single cylinder cone crusher is divided into upper shell and lower shell. The part above the red line is installed on the upper shell, and the part below the red line is installed on the lower shell. The upper and lower shells are firmly connected by bolts, which ensures the stability of the equipment during operation. For a more detailed structural diagram, you can visit Shengyuan Mining Machinery website.

Working Principle of Single Cylinder Cone Crusher

The working process of the single cylinder cone crusher is a complex process of power transmission and component movement, which is as follows:

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The motor drives the small gear of the crusher to rotate, and the small gear then drives the large gear to operate. The large gear assembly (including large gear, large gear frame and eccentric steel sleeve) will drive the eccentric sleeve assembly (including eccentric cylinder sleeve and eccentric copper sleeve) and the main shaft assembly (composed of main shaft, inner cone and inner cone liner) to revolve around the theoretical vertical line in the copper liner. At the same time, the main shaft assembly can rotate on its own center line in the eccentric copper sleeve.

When the machine is running empty, the eccentric sleeve assembly “holds” the main shaft assembly and revolves with the large gear. When materials are added to the crushing cavity, the main shaft assembly (main shaft, inner cone) rotates slowly in the eccentric copper sleeve under the resistance of the materials. At this time, the running track of the inner cone shows a state of swinging back and forth in the crushing cavity while rotating slowly, and the materials are crushed under the extrusion of the swinging inner cone.

Core Functions of the Bottom Hydraulic Cylinder

Adjustment of the Discharge Port Size

The primary function of the bottom hydraulic cylinder is to adjust the vertical position of the main shaft, thereby changing the distance between the moving cone and the outer cone liner, which directly determines the discharge particle size of the crusher. The smaller the distance, the smaller the discharge particle size; the larger the distance, the larger the discharge particle size. In addition, the use of different crushing cavity types and different eccentric sleeves can also change the discharge size of materials.

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When hydraulic oil is pumped into the bottom oil cylinder, the piston in the oil cylinder is forced to move upward, driving the main shaft to move upward, so that the distance (discharge port) T between the inner and outer cones becomes smaller. In the hydraulic system of the single cylinder cone crusher, a bidirectional working oil pump is usually used. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the oil pump through the control button, the oil in the bottom hydraulic cylinder can be pumped in or out, thus easily driving the main shaft to move up and down to adjust the size of the discharge port.

Wear Compensation of Liners

The second function of the bottom hydraulic cylinder is to compensate for the wear of the inner and outer cone liners. After the liners are worn, the distance between the inner and outer cones will increase, resulting in larger stone particle size. At this time, the main shaft and inner cone can be properly raised manually to reduce the distance between the inner and outer cones, so that the stone particle size becomes smaller; this operation can also be completed by the automatic wear compensation function of the control system to ensure that the particle size of the crushed products meets the requirements.

Iron Passing Protection Function

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The bottom hydraulic cylinder of the single cylinder cone crusher is connected with an accumulator, which endows the equipment with iron passing protection function. When hard objects or iron blocks enter the crushing cavity, a large opening force will be formed between the inner and outer cones, which will be rigidly transmitted to the bottom hydraulic cylinder, causing the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder to rise sharply. When the opening force (hydraulic cylinder oil pressure) reaches a certain level, it will force the oil in the hydraulic cylinder to flow to the accumulator, thus making the main shaft drop, increasing the distance between the inner and outer cones, and allowing hard objects or iron blocks to be discharged.

Compared with the spring cone crusher, the single cylinder cone crusher has more advantages in iron passing protection. The crushing cavity of the single cylinder cone crusher can open quickly when passing iron and can slowly return to the normal opening size after passing iron; while the crushing cavity of the spring cone crusher recovers sharply in an instant when passing iron, which will cause severe impact and vibration to the equipment itself.

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Technical Advantages of Single Cylinder Cone Crusher

High Intelligence

The single cylinder hydraulic cone crusher is of international leading technical level, especially in terms of control, it has realized fully intelligent control. The intelligent automatic control system can keep the crusher in the best working state, can accurately set and adjust the size of the discharge port, and can also automatically complete the wear compensation of wearing parts. This function of automatically compensating the wear of inner and outer cone liners cannot be realized by spring and multi-cylinder cone crushers.

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Convenient Adjustment

The single cylinder adjustment mechanism makes the adjustment of the equipment very convenient. Even during the operation of the equipment, the arbitrary adjustment of the discharge port can be easily realized, which is difficult for the spring cone crusher to achieve.

Compact Structure

Due to the adoption of a single cylinder mechanical structure, the whole model is very compact. There are no excessive oil pipes and oil circuits, and no numerous external adjustment mechanisms, so the single cylinder cone crusher has a simple and smooth appearance, small volume and light weight.

Strong Production Capacity

Although the single cylinder cone crusher is small in size and light in weight, its production capacity has been greatly improved, and it can be called the most advanced cone crusher.

Application Scenarios of Single Cylinder Cone Crusher

With its many advantages, the single cylinder cone crusher is widely used in various scenarios. In metal mines, it can crush and process metal ores such as iron ore and copper ore; in non-metal mines, it is suitable for crushing non-metal ores such as limestone and granite; in addition, it can also play an important role in the recycling of construction waste and the production of construction aggregates, providing crushing materials that meet the requirements for these industries.

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The single cylinder cone crusher shows significant characteristics in terms of structural composition, working principle, core functions and technical advantages due to its unique single cylinder structural design. It is not only highly intelligent, convenient to adjust, compact in structure, but also has strong production capacity, and plays an irreplaceable role in mining, construction and other fields. If you want to know more about the single cylinder cone crusher, such as specific models and prices, you can consult relevant mining machinery manufacturers to get more detailed content that is more suitable for your needs.